# Tag Info

### Do I need to use separate function in PID algorithm to make the bot go LEFT or RIGHT?

No, but you do need to calculate the P/I/D terms correctly. You have: I = I + previous_I; followed by: previous_I = I; ...
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### it's worth to make a line follower using a raspberry pi and a web cam?

This may be overkill, but some of the past work I was involved in was trying to detect a vertical line (a pipe) in the camera's field of vision, and navigate relative to it. The process was as ...
• 10.8k
Accepted

### Length and Width of a Line Following Robot

Actually, the caster wheel has ideally no effect on the kinematics of the vehicle. In reality there will be some resistance from the caster wheel that does impact the vehicle motion, but we can still ...
• 1,357
Accepted

### How to check for a sharp angle with a line follower?

It can't pass the 20 block if the robot enters it from a 15 or 20 block (so basically it gets stuck if it's coming from an angle and hits a 90 degree turn). Somehow coming from an angled line makes ...
• 1,385

### Linear State space model for mobile robot

I know this is not exactly what you wanted, but you should look into the Pure Pursuit algorithm for line following.
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### Linear State space model for mobile robot

Read and understand this. Refer to other sections of that site, if needed.
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### Optimal-time acceleration sequence of a line-following robot following a moving obstacle

The paper “Optimizing Train Speed Profiles to Improve Regeneration Efficiency of Transit Operations” (in JRC2014-3795.pdf) by Haichuan Tang et al addresses some of the issues mentioned in the question ...

### Optimal-time acceleration sequence of a line-following robot following a moving obstacle

Assuming constant accelerations, "stopping" (slowing) distance can be calculated with: $$x = x_0 + v_0 t + \frac{1}{2} a t^2 \\$$ where $x_0$ is your initial position, $v_0$ is your initial speed, ...
• 14.5k

### it's worth to make a line follower using a raspberry pi and a web cam?

I did a project based on RPi2 + Pi-Camera + ROS jade + OpenCV to make a line following rover. Two methods are used, one is to find contour of the track, the other is to use Hough-transform for edge ...

### How to make an "invisible line following robot"?

Anki uses optical sensors in their toy cars to implement line followers. The optical sensors are sensitive in the IR range. The fact that the lines cannot be seen is easily explained: The lines are ...
• 161

### How to make a robot arm follow a shape/path

The image you post is one way that should work. In the image, $\tau$ is the joint torques, and $x_d(t)$, $\dot{x}_d(t)$, and $\ddot{x}_d(t)$ are the Cartesian shape trajectory. You mention "whole ...
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Accepted

### Typical Problem in Simple Line Follower Using 3 sensors

I don't think you'll be able to use PID control successfully because you don't have a continuous feedback signal. Your feedback is binary on each of three sensors. From your description, you need to ...
• 14.5k

### Color sensor alternatives

With computer-based vision, the solution often depends greatly on the environment in which the camera is operating. You may have situations where bright light and shadows result in a very difficult ...
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### How can I implement tremaux algo in arduino line follower to navigate and create map?

I would highly recommend using the encoders over estimating travel distance by rpm + time. Estimating motor velocity is notoriously tricky. Especially at slow speeds. A direct measurement is ...
• 5,215
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### Line-following robot with a 5th wheel

I m not familiar with those robots, but I will guess it's more used for odometry, in order to know the speed and the traveled distance. The design are packed so it is hard to see for sure, but it ...
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### Line-following robot with a 5th wheel

The first robot is RS-100 and it won this year's all-Japan fine following competition. The fifth wheel is an encoder. The robots are allowed to remember the track - this is specific to this ...

### What is the best way to turn in 2WD simple differential drive line following robot?

Your question is a little bit fuzzy. You achieve different results with these two turning scenarios. If you keep one wheel stopped the the radius of the curve (turn) you make equals the robot width ...
• 191
Accepted

### Line following robot mathematic model

The robot you're trying to model is known as a Two Wheeled Differential Robot. It's easy to find specific kinematic models for it. You can start here or here.

### Is there a table of DC motors in relation to weight/mass? I want to find the fastest for my build

I beleive you’re looking for Power Density How you utilize said power of course is up to your design. You generally want the most wattage in the smallest package, and you should get something as to ...
1 vote

### How to check for a sharp angle with a line follower?

Sorry I have no experience of line following robots, I use ultrasonic sensors, so this answer may be a bit naïve and there allsorts of reasons why you can't do this. Your bot travels forwards and ...
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1 vote

### Tuning PID controller for sharp turns in line follower robot

While calculating speeds, you are multiplying by 2*error. If PID (or PD) calculates an error, I believe it should be fed directly to the motors because in each loop it does not account for an ...
• 121
1 vote

### Line follower for coloured lines

Have you tried using combination of your RGB sensor with other sensors like LDR or photo diode. You can use these 2 sensors on the side with your RGB sensors at the centre which you say is quite ...
1 vote

### Implementing pure pursuit problem in robot navigation?

My understanding of the pure pursuit algorithm is that the look ahead distance is a fixed parameter. In this original paper [1], there is a short discussion on choosing the look ahead distance. I ...
• 5,215
1 vote

### How can I implement tremaux algo in arduino line follower to navigate and create map?

A good way to work once you have your map : turn your map in a weighted graph, were where the vertices are only at crosses and the weight is the length beetween the points represented by the vertices. ...
• 56
1 vote

### How can I implement tremaux algo in arduino line follower to navigate and create map?

A good starting point is to solve the problem first in simulation. If the algorithm not work on a 2D map on screen it will never work on a real arduino. For inspiration github is a good ressource. ...
1 vote
Accepted

### What algorithm should I use for a line follower?

For this task, using only PID would be adequate. However, It also depends on the response of your motors to control signals. You can also use fuzzy logic to tune the PID parameters, which are actually ...
• 111
1 vote
Accepted

### How to select dc motors for a line following robot?

It's a question of balance as always. You need to select motors that require voltage and current that your robot's power source can provide, physical size so that it fits on your robot and also torque ...
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1 vote

### How to check for a sharp angle with a line follower?

I have a similar idea like @Bending Unit 22, which is not to follow the line but its edge instead. So you detect the line only with one sensor (let's say only with the left one (blue dot)). If the ...
1 vote
Accepted

### Single-shaft vs Double-shaft motors

A "double shaft motor" has "two shafts" that exit the motor case. If you turn the motor on so the shaft spins and keep the motor case rigidly bolted in one position, there is one place where you can ...
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1 vote

### Advanced Line Following Robot of Maze Solving

It looks like there are 3 main components to the demonstration in this video. 1. Creating the map Navigation requires a map of the robot's environment -- it looks like this was done manually. It ...
• 10.8k

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