As in this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qce5Vguj5Jg
In this new version (did not see the learning part in the past versions), with three to four trials, Cubli can learn to balance on a new surface.
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2 Answers
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You should start by reading their academic papers:
- M. Muehlebach, G. Mohanarajah, and R. D'Andrea, Nonlinear Analysis and Control of a Reaction Wheel-based 3D Inverted Pendulum, in Proc. Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2013 (Florence, Italy)
- M. Gajamohan, M. Muehlebach, T. Widmer, and R. D'Andrea, The Cubli: A Reaction Wheel-based 3D Inverted Pendulum, in Proc. European Control Conference (Zurich, Switzerland), pp. 268-274, July 2013.
- M. Gajamohan, M. Merz, I. Thommen, and R. D'Andrea, The Cubli: A Cube that can Jump Up and Balance, in Proc. IEEE/RSJ International Conference of Intelligent Robots and Systems (Algarve, Portugal), pp. 3722-3727, October 2012.
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A Linear–quadratic regulator (LQR) controller with an accurate state-space representation is implemented in Gajamohan's first and second paper. A high quality motor controller with torque-control is also necessary for the system to work.
The learning algorithm is called gradient descent algorithm. It is used to find the local minimum, and is used to find the initial wheel velocities. They mentioned in this robohub post[1] is to implement the learning algorithm, and is finally implemented by Mr. Muehlebach three years afterwards[2] in 2016.
[1] G. Mohanarajah and M. Waibel, "Cubli – A cube that can jump up, balance, and walk across your desk", Robohub, 2013, http://robohub.org/swiss-robots-cubli-a-cube-that-can-jump-up-balance-and-walk-across-your-desk/
[2] M. Muehlebach, and R. D'Andrea, "Nonlinear Analysis and Control of a Reaction Wheel-Based 3-D Inverted Pendulum", in IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 2016.