All-most all SLAM back-end implementation compute chi2 estimates. Chi2 computation is usually used to compute the best-fitness score of model to the data. How it is related to optimization framework for SLAM?
Rgds Nitin
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$\begingroup$ Check this out ais.informatik.uni-freiburg.de/teaching/ws09/robotics2/pdfs/… $\endgroup$– CroCoCommented Jan 30, 2015 at 5:09
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Specifically, the Chi-Square Distribution(or Chi2, $\chi^2$, or equivalently $\chi^2_1$) is used to model the probability of the absolute value of the deviation of the measurement from it's expected value. This calculation is vital to tackle the measurement origin uncertainty problem. It can also be used to determine the "correctness" of a multi-hypothesis estimate using a similar idea, but I won't touch on that specifically.
Note that the $\chi^2_k$ distribution has $k$ degrees of freedom. Why $\chi^2_k$? Any time you assume Gaussian (e.g., $\mathcal{N}(0,1)$) measurement noise, you will encounter the $\chi^2_1$ distribution because the two-norm squared of a $n$-dimensional vector of $\mathcal{N}(0,1)$ variables is equivalent to a $\chi_{n}^2$ pdf. [see: Applications of Chi-squared].
In SLAM it is commonly used to model the probability of a certain landmark providing a certain measurement.
answered Jan 26, 2015 at 17:04
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$\begingroup$ Can you point to some literature how it gets related to landmark observations? $\endgroup$– nkdCommented Jan 28, 2015 at 1:27
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$\begingroup$ Yes, but honestly just googling "data association chi-square" or "data association mahalanobis distance" will provide a ton of references. It is standard practice. For a nice introduction, see Bar-Shalom's "Estimation with Applications to Tracking and Navigation" $\endgroup$ Commented Jan 28, 2015 at 16:13