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I’ve made a datalog from a MPU6050 (IMU: gyroscope and accelerometer) at 500Hz sample rate. Now I want to calculate the characteristics from the gyro to evaluate the sensor.

For the gyro I’ve found following values in the datasheet:

Total RMS Noise = 0.05 °/s

Low-frequency RMS noise = 0.033 °/s

Rate Noise Spectral Density = 0.005 °/s/sqrt(Hz)

Now I want to ask how I can calculate these values from my dataset?

At the moment I’ve the following values from the dataset:

Standard deviation = 0.0331 °/s

Variance = 0.0011

Angular Random Walk (ARW) = 0.003 °/sqrt(s) (From Allan deviation plot)

Bias Instability = 0.0012 °/s

Is the ARW equal to the Rate Noise Spectral Density mentioned in the datasheet? And also is the RMS Noise from the datasheet equal to the standard deviation?

edit: I found following website: http://www.sensorsmag.com/sensors/acceleration-vibration/noise-measurement-8166 There is the statement: "...Because the noise is approximately Gaussian, the standard deviation of the histogram is the RMS noise" So I guess the standard deviation is the RMS noise from the datasheet. But how about the ARW?

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Total RMS Noise

Yes, this should be approximately equal to your standard deviation as long as there is no bias.

Rate Noise Spectral Density

You cannot obtain this from the statistics you list. You will need to take a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of your raw data and look at the results in the frequency domain. Look in the data sheet to see at what frequency or frequency band the spectral noise density is specified at and then compare what your FFT says.

Low-frequency RMS noise

Again, you will need to know (or guess) what frequency cutoff your data sheet is assuming and use the same cutoff. You may need to run your data through a low-pass digital filter then look at the results in the time domain.

You can do the above analysis with a tool like MATLAB. If you don't have MATLAB (It's kind of expensive) check out R Studio or Scilab. They are both available for free. Personally I prefer R - It has great statistical analysis tools and there is a lot of open source floating around for data visualization.

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  • $\begingroup$ Your answer reminded me of my masters thesis 6 years ago. Thank you, time flies.. $\endgroup$
    – Patrick Stegers
    Commented Feb 26, 2022 at 8:18
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check page no: 11, eqn(8) from An introduction to inertial navigation by Oliver J. Woodman (Technical Report Number 696 from the University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory).

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    $\begingroup$ Welcome to Robotics:SE. It's generally better to include the main points in your answer in case of 'link rot' in the future. $\endgroup$
    – sempaiscuba
    Commented Jan 1, 2019 at 14:22
  • $\begingroup$ Thank you. Yeah you're right. In the technical report FFT noise density is the Rate Noise Spectral Density from the datasheet. And with eqn(8) one can convert to ARW. $\endgroup$
    – Patrick Stegers
    Commented Jan 2, 2019 at 9:51
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    $\begingroup$ Welcome to Robotics Apz. Thanks for your answer but we prefer answers to be self contained where possible. Links tend to rot so answers which rely on a link can be rendered useless if the linked content disappears. If you add more context from the link, it is more likely that people will find your answer useful. $\endgroup$
    – Mark Booth
    Commented Jan 2, 2019 at 11:37
  • $\begingroup$ On Robotics we are fortunate enough to have MathJax support enabled, allowing you to easily create subscripts, superscripts, fractions, square roots, greek letters and more. This allows you to add both inline and block element mathematical expressions in robotics questions and answers. For a quick tutorial, take a look at How can I format mathematical expressions here, using MathJax? $\endgroup$
    – Mark Booth
    Commented Jan 2, 2019 at 11:44
  • $\begingroup$ Also, when linking to a paper, it is a good idea to provide the title and author of the paper rather than just a bare link. Pages sometimes move, so if you give the title and author of the paper as the link text then a search for that text will often find the new location. I've edited your answer to provide this information. Thanks again for your answer. $\endgroup$
    – Mark Booth
    Commented Jan 2, 2019 at 11:46

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