An answerAn answer to the question http://robotics.stackexchange.com/q/543/37Why are quadcopters more common in robotics than other configurations? said:
You need 4 degrees of freedom to control yaw, pitch, roll and thrust.
Four props is therefore the minimum number of actuators required. Tricoptors require a servo to tilt one or more rotors which is more mechanically complicated.
In a comment, I asked:
How do you get pure yaw motion with a quadcoptor and if that's possible why won't this work with a tricoptor? I don't understand how can you get yaw motion with any system where all rotors are in a plane without first tilting and moving. I would have thought that the main difference between quadcopters and tricoptors would be the kinematic calculations would be more complex.
Another answerAnother answer explained:
you get pure yaw in the following way:
North and South motors rotating the same speed but collectively at a higher (or lower) speed than East and West Motors which are also at the same speed.
This explains why it works with a quadcopter, but doesn't explain why it won't work with a tricopter.
Is it simply the fact that the asymmetry means that you can't imbalance the torque effects to provide yaw movement while still keeping the thrusts balanced to keep pitch and roll constant?